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安徽省2017中考權(quán)威預(yù)測(cè)模擬試卷英語答案預(yù)覽
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的試卷答案!
英語改錯(cuò)技巧
短文改錯(cuò)解題思路和檢查原則
1. 句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整,特別是每個(gè)句子要有動(dòng)詞;
2. 謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài);
3. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法;
4. 名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù),格的使用是否正確;
5. 定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確;
6. 代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤;
7. 定語從句中關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無誤;
8. 并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。
短文改錯(cuò)解題四原則
改動(dòng)以最少為原則;
虛詞以添加或刪除為原則;
實(shí)詞以改變?cè)~形為原則;
以保持句子原意為原則。
解題注意要點(diǎn)和能力培養(yǎng)
1. 核對(duì)錯(cuò)項(xiàng)時(shí),若的確有一時(shí)難以改出的地方,可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)是否基本符合“1:1:8”的比例。即多一詞1個(gè),缺詞1個(gè),錯(cuò)詞8個(gè)。
2. 核對(duì)改正的語法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。因?yàn)槎涛母腻e(cuò)往往覆蓋面廣,一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個(gè)語法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。
3. 核對(duì)答題符號(hào)是否規(guī)范,位置是否準(zhǔn)確,看看有無遺漏符號(hào)、忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問題。
解題思路(三步解題法)
第一步:快速瀏覽全文,把握文章的主要時(shí)態(tài)、人稱及文章的主旨大意,順便標(biāo)記自己一眼就能看出的錯(cuò)誤。
第二步:細(xì)讀文章,找出錯(cuò)誤并改正。一般要結(jié)合文章的上下文以及出題規(guī)律來做題。
第三步:代入正確答案通讀全文,看其是否通順。
出題規(guī)律及破解關(guān)鍵
高考短文改錯(cuò)一般會(huì)在以下八個(gè)方面進(jìn)行設(shè)題。
1. 動(dòng)詞:主要考查時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致和固定搭配。例如:
①時(shí)態(tài)混用
Then the trouble started. We can’t open the door. So we asked the policeman for help.
(很顯然此段的主時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去式,因此應(yīng)把can’t改為couldn’t。)
②主謂不一致
There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.
(a football game決定了謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故應(yīng)該把were改為was。)
③固定搭配
He had little money left, so he had to give up buy the computer.
(give up doing sth.是固定用法,故動(dòng)詞buy應(yīng)該改為buying。)
2. 名詞:主要考查單復(fù)數(shù)混用。例如:
Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy.
(表示“年齡多大了”應(yīng)該為復(fù)數(shù)形式,故應(yīng)把year改為years。)
3. 形容詞/副詞:主要考查兩者之間是否混用。例如:
①副詞代替正確形容詞
During the football season, Helen is much busier than usually.
(很明顯是“與平時(shí)相比較更忙”,因此需要把usually改為usual。)
②形容詞代替正確副詞
As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come on — get going!”
(顯然應(yīng)把excited改為excitedly,用來修飾動(dòng)詞cheer。)
4. 介詞:主要考查固定搭配,特別是動(dòng)詞和介詞的搭配。例如:
①介詞遺漏
I’m sure you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster.
(get rid of 是固定搭配,意為“擺脫,除去”。)
②介詞多余
My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking.
(這里顯然是區(qū)分because of與because的用法。前者不能接句子,而后者充當(dāng)連詞可以接句子,故應(yīng)該把of去掉。)
③介詞錯(cuò)用(一般為固定搭配)
I pick out her false hair and said, “Don’t be sad, Miss.”
(pick out改為pick up。pick out挑選;pick up撿起。)
5. 連詞:主要考查句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。?嫉娜N關(guān)系主要是:轉(zhuǎn)折 (but)、并列(and)和因果(because)。例如:
One day, my wife and I went shopping at a store. We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy.
(顯然,句意為“我們開車去的原因是因?yàn)槲覀円I很多東西”,所以應(yīng)該把but改為because / as / for。)
6. 句式:主要考查that與what或which / how與what之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。這是短文改錯(cuò)的?键c(diǎn)。例如:
She never has enough time for that she wants to do.
(句意為:她沒有足夠多的時(shí)間來做自己想做的事情。很明顯應(yīng)該把that改為what。)
7. 冠詞:主要考查冠詞是否多余或遺漏。例如:
①冠詞多余
So I went to sell newspapers after the school.
(“放學(xué)后”應(yīng)該用after school表示,故此處定冠詞多余,應(yīng)去掉the。)
②冠詞遺漏
As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life.
(at an early age表示“很小的時(shí)候”,故early前應(yīng)加不定冠詞。)
8.代詞:主要考查代詞是否多余或遺漏,以及代詞之間的混用。例如:
①代詞多余
Don’t lose your heart if you fail in the exam.
(lose heart表示“泄氣,喪失勇氣”,而lose one’s heart to sb. / sth.表示“愛上,鐘情于……”。根據(jù)語境,此處很明顯是指“別泄氣”,故應(yīng)該把your去掉。)
②代詞遺漏
A teacher could make classes lively and interesting.
(應(yīng)該在classes前加his,表示“使他的課堂生動(dòng)有趣”。)
③代詞混用
We were living in a big family. We treated each other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, the other would help him or her out.
(根據(jù)句意“我們生活在一個(gè)大家庭之中,彼此間相處如同兄弟姐妹。如果我們之中誰有困難,其他人就會(huì)幫助他/她解決困難”,所以應(yīng)把them改為us,把other改為others。)
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